The problem with this is that we live in an age where the weapon >> target. Current warships are almost disposable weapons platforms. In that kind of world, there's absolutely no upside to building a bigger, more expensive weapons platform that's easier to hit.
Aircraft carriers get away with their size as they have defenses that keep enemies far, far away. A battleship doesn't. And even the rule about aircraft carriers is under debate in an era of hypersonic missiles.
Until defensive measures rebalance the equation, it would be foolish to build a battleship.
That is not true at all. With the invention of Special Treatment Steel by the US it became possible to build almost an entire ship out of metal with the same protective qualities as 1910 armour. Modern warships are immensely tough, you might want to check video of various sink exs available on the net, these are umanned vessels with no damage control and still tend to require multiple shots to put them down.
As for battleships these too were deployed in surface action groups with powerful escorts to deal with air and underwater threats while they had the missiles and in the case of the Iowas the guns to see off any realistic surface opponent.
The final demise of the battleship came with the development of all weather aircraft in the late 1950s, it was the carrier's ability to reach out and touch the enemy at a distance measured in hundreds of kilometres or even miles or even nautical miles that meant that battleships ceased to be a cost effective unit to construct. Until then both the British and US had retained several battleships as carrier escorts and specifically cruiser killers, very specifically Sverdlov killers.
