Joined Jun 2012
15,528 Posts | 2,868+
Malaysia
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Well, I wud see it as the local regional geopolitics of the time. It was an old power coming into collision with a younger ascending power. A bit like Carthage vs Rome, if one may.
I wud not say that they eliminated any rivals. They did not hv any, becos they had for a long time dominated the SEA region trade. Angkor was never a serious player in SEA maritime trade. Neither was Hindu Mataram on Java. They were both more like agrarian-based economies. It was just Palembang and their vassal-allies in Srivijaya federation. The closest to a rival they had was Buddhist Sailendra, and they did not fight with Sailendra, but rather allied with them, to the point that folks sometimes interchanged their names. A confusion made worse when Samara Thunga of Sailendra married Dewi Tara, daughter of Dharmasetu of Palembang Srivijaya, resulting in what was essentially a dynastic mega-merger of two big SEA powers of the time. Samara Thunga's father, Sang Rama Dhanan Jaya (a.k.a. Dharanindra a.k.a. Maharaja Vishnu) had previously allied with Dharmasetu to invade and subjugate Nagara Sri Dharmaraja (based at Tambralinga aka Ligor) in the Malay Isthmus around 775 AD. Something recorded in the Ligor Inscription. Whether it was a hard conquest, or a peaceful takeover, wud be anyone's guess.
Srivijaya had been around & thriving since late 7th century. They had outlived both Hindu Mataram & co-Buddhist ally Sailendra of Java, with both of whom they actually shared some ancient lineage. It is very much to their credit that they managed to survive for so long, their power centre shifting to Jambi-based Malayu kingdom (also called Dharmasraya, perhaps the dynastic name), Palembang's former co-Srivijaya close ally, in 1088, only going down completely after Javanese Singhasari's Pamalayu Expedition in 1275.
I wud not say that they eliminated any rivals. They did not hv any, becos they had for a long time dominated the SEA region trade. Angkor was never a serious player in SEA maritime trade. Neither was Hindu Mataram on Java. They were both more like agrarian-based economies. It was just Palembang and their vassal-allies in Srivijaya federation. The closest to a rival they had was Buddhist Sailendra, and they did not fight with Sailendra, but rather allied with them, to the point that folks sometimes interchanged their names. A confusion made worse when Samara Thunga of Sailendra married Dewi Tara, daughter of Dharmasetu of Palembang Srivijaya, resulting in what was essentially a dynastic mega-merger of two big SEA powers of the time. Samara Thunga's father, Sang Rama Dhanan Jaya (a.k.a. Dharanindra a.k.a. Maharaja Vishnu) had previously allied with Dharmasetu to invade and subjugate Nagara Sri Dharmaraja (based at Tambralinga aka Ligor) in the Malay Isthmus around 775 AD. Something recorded in the Ligor Inscription. Whether it was a hard conquest, or a peaceful takeover, wud be anyone's guess.
Srivijaya had been around & thriving since late 7th century. They had outlived both Hindu Mataram & co-Buddhist ally Sailendra of Java, with both of whom they actually shared some ancient lineage. It is very much to their credit that they managed to survive for so long, their power centre shifting to Jambi-based Malayu kingdom (also called Dharmasraya, perhaps the dynastic name), Palembang's former co-Srivijaya close ally, in 1088, only going down completely after Javanese Singhasari's Pamalayu Expedition in 1275.